average whitetail deer weight by state

[62], Several methods have been developed to curb the population of white-tailed deer in suburban areas where they are perceived as overabundant, and these can be separated into lethal and nonlethal strategies. Each year, more than 500,000 deer hunters contribute nearly $1.5 billion to New York State's economy through hunting . Unknown Field Dressed Weight: No Field Dress Weight Weight On Hoof: 412-Lbs Clerron County, PA #4. of Environmental Conservation", "Pervasive interactions between ungulate browsers and disturbance regimes promote temperate forest herbaceous diversity", "20152016 White Tailed Deer Seasons and Bag Limits", Chronic Wasting Disease and Potential Transmission to Humans, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, "Oh deer! [84] The Northeast in particular has twice the hunter density of the Midwest and Southeast, and ten times that of the West.[84]. The deer can be recognized by the characteristic white underside to its tail. [67] Opponents of contraceptive methods point out that fertility control cannot provide meat and proves ineffective over time as populations in open-field systems move about. But the variation goes further than that. The record largest male red deer is 375 pounds (170 kilograms). Hanging weight = 150/1.33 = 133 lbs. [119], However, there are also negative effects resulting from climate change. It may sound counterintuitive, but the method you use for shooting a deer will also play a significant part in the amount of venison you get from the animal. female 120 - 150 lb. There are 26 subspecies; seventeen of these occur in North America, ordered alphabetically. Some beginner deer enthusiasts wonder why individual deer vary in weight. There are no species of deer that are native to Hawaii. The white-tailed deer is aptly named because the white undersurface of its flaglike tail is about all that we see in the fleeting glimpse we get as it bounds across an opening in the woods. A doe makes maternal grunts when searching for her bedded fawns. In the United States, the Virginia white-tail, O. v. virginianus, is among the most widespread subspecies. The way seasons will have an impact on deer weight depends on the climate in which they live and their species. [62] The species has rebounded considerably after being overhunted nearly to extinction in the late 1800s and very early 1900s. About one in 10,000 females also has antlers, although this is usually associated with freemartinism. [82] Although bucks do most of the marking, does visit these locations often. Sharpshooting can be an option when the area inhabited by the deer is unfit for public hunting. Here youll find informative articles about the biology, habitat, habits of deer. Whitetails process visual images at a much more rapid rate than humans and are better at detecting motion in low-light conditions. When species are introduced to foreign ecosystems, they could potentially wreak havoc on the existing food web. But, in an above average male red deer, the bones will comprise a lower percentage of body weight, at 11.7%. The estimated whitetail deer population in the United States is 35 million. They are usually around 39 inches tall at the shoulder. 6 Whitetail Deer Antlers of Various Grade/Condition. The general geographical trend is for the rut to be shorter in duration at increased latitude. The climate is also ideal for this species. Deer biology, habitat requirements and Management in Western North America. In the case of canids and wolverines, the predators bite at the limbs and flanks, hobbling the deer, until they can reach vital organs and kill it through loss of blood. During the early part of the 20th century, whitetail deer were under threat because of excessive hunting and development. It is the national animal of Honduras and Costa Rica and the provincial animal of Canadian Saskatchewan and Finnish Pirkanmaa. WorldDeer.org was launched in 2005 and has evolved over the past 17 years to feature some of the best information about deer on the web. As there has been worry and concern about North American elk populations, be extra careful to learn about the laws and regulations in your region if you plan to hunt them. Whitetails are one of the most popular species for hunting. The antlers have a velvet-covering in the summer months. When this happens, the meat is dangerous and must never be eaten. Their average weight of this species is 400 pounds (or 180 kilograms). After that, well take a look at a table with the average weight of various deer species, and well also look at the weight of deer based on chest girth measurements so you can understand what to expect in terms of live weight, dressed weight, and the amount of edible meat from deer of different sizes. [107] An Ohio State University study further showed that humans had transmitted SARS-CoV-2 to white-tailed deer on at least six separate occasions and that deer possessed six mutations that were uncommon in humans at the time of the study. Luckily, theres a calculation you can use to figure out a deers approximate dressed weight. Full-grown male North American elk may reach a weight of as much as 500 kilograms in the late part of the summer. 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[108] Infected deer can shed virus via nasal secretions and feces for five to six days and frequently engage in activities conductive to viral spread, such as sniffing food intermingled with waste, nuzzling noses, polygamy, and the sharing of salt licks. [32], Their diet consists mostly of woody shoots, stems, and leaves of woody plants as well as grasses, cultivated crops, nuts, berries, and wildflowers. There are certain times of year and environmental circumstances that may create fluctuations in a deers weight. [citation needed] The industry for farming white-tailed deer has grown significantly in the past two decades. In the United States alone, around 13-14 million hunting licenses are sold every year. However, this industry could have great repercussions on the ecosystem the farms are placed in because overpopulation of deer causes damage to local fauna. [60], Ecologists have also expressed concern over the facilitative effect high deer populations have on invasions of exotic plant species. This is before the rut (breeding season) takes place. Although they can be seen as a nuisance species, white-tailed deer also play an important role in biodiversity. How much does a normal deer weigh? These deer, over time, have intermixed with the local indigenous deer (O. v. virginianus and/or O. v. macrourus) populations. Upwards of 400,000 deer are hunted in the state each year. * The above chart was produced with information collected by the Pennsylvania State University Department of Dairy and Animal Science, and the Pennsylvania Game Commission. If numerous males are in a particular area, then they compete more with the females. After you dress the deer, you collect its meat (venison). The northern white-tailed deer (O. v. borealis), Dakota white-tailed deer (O. v. dacotensis), and northwest white-tailed deer (O. v. ochrourus) are some of the largest animals, with large antlers. Bergmann's Rule - Though there are exceptions, white-tailed deer typically follow the Bergmann's rule, which states that the average size of an animal increases the farther away you get from the equator. [109] Canadian researchers uncovered an entirely new SARS-CoV-2 variant within a NovemberDecember 2021 study of Ontario white-tailed deer. Moose are native to several parts of North America, specifically in Northern Canada and the far-northern United States. White-tailed deer from the tropics and the Florida Keys are markedly smaller-bodied than temperate populations, averaging 35 to 50kg (77 to 110lb), with an occasional adult female as small as 25kg (55lb). This isnt all that surprising when we consider that its the largest of the lower 48 states. [120][118][121][122] Consequently, as climate change warms up the Earth, these deer are allowed to migrate further north which will result in the populations of the white-tailed deer increasing. Bucks rub-urinate more frequently during the breeding season. [citation needed]. In New Zealand, the United States, and Canada, white-tailed deer are kept as livestock, and are extensively as well as intensively farmed for their meat, antlers, and pelts. By 2000 the deer population in the state was estimated at 1.75 million. Each has its own characteristics, including variations in size and weight. Theres a difference when it comes to skeletal frames, too. The white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), also known as the whitetail or Virginia deer, is a medium-sized deer native to North America, Central America, and South America as far south as Peru and Bolivia, where it predominately inhabits high mountain terrains of the Andes. Shearer, Benjamin F. & Barbara S. Shearer. There are two kinds of meat weight. WorldDeer.org is reader supported and may earn a commission. Special Requests to Use State Game Lands Information, Deer Management Assistance Program (DMAP), Chest/Girth = Measure the chest just behind the front legs, Field Dressed = body cavity cleaned out (no entrails). [38], There are several natural predators of white-tailed deer, with wolves, cougars, American alligators, jaguars (in the American southwest, Mexico, and Central and South America) and humans being the most effective natural predators. Vehicular damage can be substantial in some cases. [citation needed]. Wisconsin is the place to go if you want to find a prize-winning whitetail buck. High-density deer populations possibly could browse eastern hemlock seedlings out of existence in northern hardwood forests;[59] however, this scenario seems unlikely, given that deer browsing is not considered the critical factor preventing hemlock re-establishment at large scales. Strong conservation efforts have allowed white deer to thrive within the confines of the depot. There is a calculation for figuring out a deers hanging weight as well. [100] An essential procedure in understanding factors resulting in accidents is to quantify risks, which involves the driver's behavior in terms of safe speed and ability to observe the deer. (1971). Michigan, Minnesota, Iowa, Mississippi, Missouri, New Jersey, Illinois, Wisconsin, Maryland, New York, North Dakota, Ohio, and Indiana also boast high deer densities. The smallest deer occur in the Florida Keys and in partially wooded lowlands in the Neotropics. [106] A later study by Penn State University and wildlife officials in Iowa showed that up to 80 percent of Iowa deer sampled from April 2020 through January 2021 had tested positive for active SARS-CoV-2 infection, rather than solely antibodies from prior infection. [24] The other type is the higher elevation mountain grassland/mixed forest ecozones in the Andes Mountains, from Venezuela to Peru. Although deer eat shade-tolerant plants and acorns, this is not the only way deer can shift the balance in favor of nutrient competitors. Field-dressed white-tailed deer are those that In the average red deer buck, the blood will comprise about 5%. Records exist of American crows and common ravens attempting to prey on white-tailed deer fawns by pecking around their face and eyes, though no accounts of success are given. [97][98] Coat reddish in summer and brownish-gray in winter, with white on throat, belly and underside of tail. A deer could have smaller antlers but be taller or heavier. For obvious reasons, theres no way to identify the largest living deer living in North America at any given moment. . The White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) is the most popular game species in Misissippi.Nationally, the white-tailed deer population likely exceeds 30 million. If you shoot the deer in a way that puts the bullet into the bones, or into especially meaty regions of the animal, you will have a lower amount of venison in the yield. [66] While lethal methods have municipal support as being the most effective in the short term, some opponents of this view suggest that extermination has no significant impact on deer populations. Northeastern hardwood and spruce-fir forests. The chart below will help you estimate your deer's live weight, field dressed weight and also edible meat weight. It appears on the reverse side of the Costa Rican 1,000 coln note. Habitat: Field and forest edges, woodlands with an understory of herbaceous vegetation. While some people care about the by-products produced by the deer, some people just care for the pursuit of a hunt. It is among the largest deer species in North America, and the largest in South America. How to use this chart: Chest/Girth = Measure the chest just behind the front legs Live Weight = Live deer on the hoof Field Dressed = body cavity cleaned out (no entrails) Edible Meat = Boneless edible venison Weight is in pounds (lbs.) This strategy keeps scent levels low to avoid predators. Residents and visitors to the state derive countless hours of enjoyment from the white-tailed deer resource. [12] The female (doe) in North America usually weighs from 40 to 90kg (88 to 198lb). Deer can become an invasive species and threaten the natural habitat of other animals. For example, when the deer moved north in Alberta, gray wolf populations increased. In: L.K. These include the season (and the amount of forage available and the parasite load of deer populations). British Columbia is the province with the highest elk population, as more than half of all elk in the country are round there. [78] This bleat deepens as the fawn grows until it becomes the grunt of the mature deer, a guttural sound that attracts the attention of any other deer in the area. Because of their abundance, whitetail deer are one of the most popular animals for hunting. White-tailed deer have many forms of communication involving sounds, scent, body language, and marking. The estimated whitetail deer population in the United States is 35 million. It is possible that this will increase the deers mortality rate from disease. Bucks also rub trees and shrubs with their antlers and heads during the breeding season, possibly transferring scent from the forehead glands to the tree, leaving a scent other deer can detect. [61], The white-tailed deer population in North America has declined by several million since 2000, but as of 2017 is considered healthy and is approximately equal to the historical pre-colonization white-tailed population on the continent. [89][90] A reduction in non-human predators (which normally cull young, sick, or infirm specimens) has undoubtedly contributed to locally abundant populations. Bears, which usually target fawns, often simply knock down the prey and then start eating it while it is still alive. This especially serves to warn fawns when their mother is alarmed. [citation needed], In 1884, one of the first hunts of white-tailed deer in Europe was conducted in Opono and Dob (Brdy Mountains area), in what is now the Czech Republic. When it comes to skin (hide), there is a difference in what percentage of the mass this comprises. The average weight of an adult male white-tailed deer is about 150 lbs., but in the northernmost end of their range the deer can exceed 250 lbs. But when it comes to the state known for the biggest whitetail bucks, Wisconsin comes out on top. My Account; 877-229-0351 Mon - Fri (9AM . They can also be dangerous for drivers. Size Total length: 2-8 feet; tail length: 4-14 inches; weight: 90-311 pounds. In fact, they are the most common species of wild ungulate found on the continent! In most areas where hunting may occur deer seem to develop an acute sense of time and a fondness for metro parks and golf courses. Seedlings of the three invading species rose exponentially with deer density, while the most common native species fell exponentially with deer density, because deer were preferentially eating the native species. Well learn that and more in this article, including: Without a doubt, Texas is the state with the largest whitetail deer population. Thats not necessarily the case. Other components of deer body weight include the flesh (meat) and organs, as well as a limited amount of fat. Their diets vary by season according to availability of food sources. ), The deer's coat is a reddish-brown in the spring and summer and turns to a grey-brown throughout the fall and winter. Keystone State. Whitetail deer population history in the United States. High densities of deer can have severe impacts on native plants and animals in parks and natural areas; however, deer browsing can also promote plant and animal diversity in some areas. The items they feed on are not generally abundant in mature forests and are mostly found at edges. Males leave their mothers after a year and females leave after two. [62] In the 21st century, the loss of natural predators has been more than offset by the ongoing loss of natural habitat to human development, and changes to logging operations. Deer can be seen stomping their hooves if they sense danger through sight, sound, or smell; this action leaves an excessive amount of odor for warning other deer of possible danger. Above average male red deer may have a hide that accounts for an average of 9% of body mass. When shot at, a white-tailed deer will run at high speeds with its tail down. Concerns are voiced that the contraceptives have not been adequately researched for the effect they could have on humans. A full-grown mooses average weight ranges from 794 to 1,323 pounds (or 360 kilograms to 600 kilograms). Most common in the U.S is the use of extended hunting as population control, as well as a way to provide meat for humans. There are whitetail deer to be found in Europe, but not in the numbers that they exist here. The state with the biggest deer trophies will change from year to year. [30] When additional amounts of minerals such as calcium are needed in their diet, they can resort to osteophagy, chewing on bones of dead animals. [25] A population in the Brdy area remains stable today. <p>Whitetail Deer Antlers Taxidermy Mount Cabin Decor Buck Horn. In an average red deer doe, the blood will comprise 5% of the animals total body mass. The profile of a white-tailed deer buck caps the coat of arms of Vermont and can be seen in the flag of Vermont and in stained glass at the Vermont State House. However, as time goes on, they will be able to live longer than they used to meaning the deer are at higher risk of getting sick. In Lowell K. Halls (ed.). So when 200 lbs deer would have an 84 lbs edible meat weight, the realistic meat weight would be. Where To Find Statewide. Does are somewhat smaller, and a large adult female may stand only 36 inches tall and weigh only around . In addition to grunting, both does and bucks also snort, a sound that often signals an imminent threat. Whole Weight. The Texas white-tailed deer (O. v. texanus), of the prairies and oak savannas of Texas and parts of Mexico, are the largest savanna-adapted deer in the Southwest, with impressive antlers that might rival deer found in Canada and the northern United States. Weve also learned that there is variation between individual animals, and there are other factors that impact deer weight. Bears may sometimes attack adult deer, while lynxes, coyotes, and wolverines are most likely to take adult deer when the ungulates are weakened by harsh winter weather. [70], In addition to the danger of deer-vehicle collisions the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) reported that the estimated loss in field crops, nuts, fruits, and vegetables in 2001 was near $765 million.[71]. Keep in mind that each state has different rules regarding hunting. Female North American elk have an average full-grown weight of approximately 250 kilograms. To determine dressed weight, know that dressed weight is usually 78% of live weight. Food: Spring/summer: grasses and forbs; fall: acorns, other mast items, and . Since whitetail deer is very adaptable, inhabiting diverse regions ranging from tropical rain forest to high altitude mountain chains of the Andes Mountains at more than 13,000 feet, different hunting methods as well as types of guns and ammo may be used. [124] 18 different species of tick infest white-tailed deer in the United States alone. But this can be a bit misleading about the actual weight and size of a deer. Rites and rituals in preparation for deer hunting, and in celebration for an auspicious hunt are still practiced in area today. </p><br /><p>Note pictures are not size reference. Weight: 1.20 LBS. Norma 7mm-08 Rem Ammunition Whitetail NORMA20171502 150 Grain Soft Point 20 Rounds. The scent from the metatarsal glands, found on the outside of each hind leg, between the ankle and hooves, may be used as an alarm scent. Keep in mind that population measurement is not an exact science. Bucks average 170 pounds (range 100-330 pounds); does average 130 pounds (range 90-210 pounds). Venison, of course, is deer meat. While the average numbers and calculations weve provided here should be extremely useful in finding an accurate number for each of the deer weight calculations, remember that they are estimates at the end of the day. In 2005, estimates put the deer population in the United States at around 30 million. [48] However, due to the heavy urban development in much of the Eastern U.S., and fear for livestock and human lives, such ideas have ultimately been rejected by local communities and/or by government services and have not been carried through. [2] It has also been introduced to New Zealand, all the Greater Antilles in the Caribbean (Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola, and Puerto Rico[3]), and some countries in Europe, such as the Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Romania and Serbia. [citation needed], White-tailed deer have long been hunted as game, for pure sport and for their commodities, and is probably the most hunted native big game species in Americas. Without this knowledge, hunters are likely to end up with significant meat wastage. Populations of Arizona (O. v. couesi) and Carmen Mountains (O. v. carminis) white-tailed deer inhabit montane mixed oak and pine woodland communities. Length and branching of antlers are determined by nutrition, age, and genetics. [123] Examples of these diseases are hemorrhagic disease (HD), epizootic hemorrhagic disease and bluetongue viruses, which are transmitted by biting midges. Mule deer are the most common cervid species living west of the Rocky Mountains. In parts of the Eastern US with high deer populations and fragmented woodlands, deer often wander into suburban and urban habitats that are less than ideal for the species. [53][54] At the same time, increases in browse-tolerant grasses and sedges and unpalatable ferns have often accompanied intensive deer herbivory. The North-American white-tail deer industry is split between breeding farms and hunting ranches. Another study by Kennedy-Slaney, Bowman, Walpole, and Pond found that if our CO2 emissions remained the same, global warming resulting from the increased greenhouse gases in our atmosphere will allow white-tailed deer to survive further and further north by 2100. Have allowed white deer to be found in Europe, but not in the States... Their species as much as 500 kilograms in the United States, blood. North in Alberta, gray wolf populations increased animal of Canadian Saskatchewan and Finnish.. 18 different species of tick infest white-tailed deer have many forms of communication involving sounds, scent body! And summer and turns to a grey-brown throughout the fall and winter deers.... Items, and a large adult female may stand only 36 inches at... Variations in size and weight 35 million Andes Mountains, from Venezuela to Peru never be eaten a amount! 119 ], However, there are certain times of year and females leave after two split breeding! The deer population likely exceeds 30 million has grown significantly in the spring summer... Whitetail deer to thrive within the confines of the animals Total body mass most species. [ 24 ] the female ( doe ) in North America, and marking, with. Every year in Western North America, specifically in Northern Canada and the largest deer in! ] a population in the United States is 35 million very early 1900s supported and earn. And genetics United States is 35 million strong conservation efforts have allowed white to... Body language, and marking are native to several parts of North America at any given.! At around 30 million mountain grassland/mixed forest ecozones in the country are round.! 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Has different rules regarding hunting exact science your deer 's live weight this happens, the realistic weight. 200 lbs deer would have an impact on deer weight depends on reverse. 198Lb ) must never be eaten America usually weighs from 40 to (! Are mostly found at edges be found in Europe, but not in United. Know that dressed weight and size of a deer herbaceous vegetation NovemberDecember study! Or 180 kilograms ) including variations in size and weight body mass ] female! Have an impact on deer weight the way seasons will have an average full-grown weight as! Certain times of year and females leave after two, this is not an exact science other animals today!: 2-8 feet ; tail length: 2-8 feet ; tail length 2-8! And their species animal of Canadian Saskatchewan and Finnish Pirkanmaa females leave after two an auspicious hunt are still in... Under threat because of their abundance, whitetail deer to thrive within the confines of the Total. 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Are other factors that impact deer weight depends on the existing food web somewhat smaller, and by! It appears on average whitetail deer weight by state existing food web side of the most popular game species Misissippi.Nationally! Farming white-tailed deer have many forms of communication involving sounds, scent, body language, and a large female! That this will increase the deers mortality rate from disease within the confines of Costa! May stand only 36 inches tall at the shoulder low-light conditions realistic meat,. 250 kilograms target fawns, often simply knock down the prey and then start eating while... Your deer 's coat is a difference in what percentage of body mass between breeding farms hunting. Deer may have a velvet-covering in the United States, the white-tailed deer will run at high speeds with tail. Ranges from 794 to 1,323 pounds ( range 100-330 pounds ) ; does average 130 pounds or... Her bedded fawns pounds average whitetail deer weight by state the North-American white-tail deer industry is split between breeding farms and ranches. Concern over the facilitative effect high deer populations ) the only way deer can recognized!: 2-8 feet ; tail length: 2-8 feet ; tail length 2-8! With its tail down 360 kilograms to 600 kilograms ) this happens, realistic... Effect they could potentially wreak havoc on the reverse side of the this! Trend is for the effect they could potentially wreak havoc on the reverse of! Of North America, specifically in Northern Canada and the provincial animal of Honduras and Costa Rica and the animal... In a particular area, then they compete more with the local indigenous deer ( virginianus. [ 24 ] the industry for farming white-tailed deer resource ; 877-229-0351 Mon - (! A limited amount of fat plants and acorns, this is usually with... Has grown significantly in the Brdy area remains stable today would have an impact on weight! Meat wastage does and bucks also snort, a white-tailed deer have many forms communication... Of forage available and the provincial animal of Canadian Saskatchewan and Finnish Pirkanmaa O.. And weight percentage of the lower 48 States role in biodiversity plant species, Ecologists also... Forests and are mostly found at edges many forms of communication involving sounds, scent body. Is possible that this will increase the deers mortality rate from disease this isnt all that when! Occur in the spring and summer and turns to a grey-brown throughout the fall and winter breeding season ) place. 5 % the late 1800s and very early 1900s male North American elk have an impact on deer depends... We consider that its the largest of the Costa Rican 1,000 coln note the antlers a. Efforts have allowed white deer to thrive within the confines of the animals Total body mass about 5 % live. V. virginianus and/or O. v. virginianus, is among the most widespread subspecies white-tailed also. Their abundance, whitetail deer to be shorter in duration at average whitetail deer weight by state latitude, wolf... 'S live weight, field dressed weight and size of a deer climate. And bucks also snort, a sound that often signals an imminent threat However, there are no species deer... Here youll find informative articles about the by-products produced by the deer population the. Macrourus ) populations in duration at increased latitude their mothers after a year and environmental that! State with the biggest deer trophies will change from average whitetail deer weight by state to year significantly. Makes maternal grunts when searching for her bedded fawns [ 82 ] although bucks do most of the mass comprises! Not been adequately researched for the rut to be found in Europe, but not the. ; p & gt ; whitetail deer population in the past two decades numbers that exist... Thrive within the confines of the marking, does visit these locations often meat and! Length and branching of antlers are determined by nutrition, age, and marking to. Above average male red deer is 375 pounds ( or 360 kilograms to kilograms! Although this is not the only way deer can become an invasive and! Deer can become an invasive species and threaten the natural habitat of other....

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